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ISBN-13:9781633884014
Book Title:The Power of Context
Number of Pages:330 Pages
Language:English
Publication Name:The Power of Context: How to Manage Our Bias and Improve Our Understanding of Others
Publisher:Prometheus Books
Publication Year:2018
Item Height:235 mm
Item Weight:621 g
Type:Textbook
Author:Daniel R. Stalder
Subject Area:Social Psychology
Item Width:161 mm
Format:Hardcover
The Power of Context by Daniel R. Stalder “A social psychologist focuses on a very common yet rarely discussed bias called the “fundamental attribution error,” showing how being aware of this bias can improve our day-to-day understanding of others”– FORMAT Hardcover LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New Publisher Description A social psychologist focuses on a very common yet rarely discussed bias called the “fundamental attribution error,” showing how being aware of this bias can improve our day-to-day understanding of others.Social life involves making judgments about other people. Often these snap judgments turn out to be wrong when we overlook context. Social psychologists call this pervasive bias the “fundamental attribution error.” This book explores the many ways in which this error creeps into our social interactions, frequently causing misunderstanding, hurt feelings, and negative treatment of others.Psychologist Daniel R. Stalder examines common examples of this error, from road rage and misinterpreting facial expressions to “gaydar,” victim blaming, and prejudice. The common denominator in these diverse examples is that we falsely assume inherent traits or intentions while overlooking situational factors that might explain a persons behavior. Conversely in the actor-observer bias, we explain our own sometimes questionable behaviors by appealing to situational factors. For example, when you tailgate others, theres always a good reason, but when others tailgate you, they are obviously in the wrong.Stalder also reveals little-known information about classic studies of context, considers both the upsides and downsides to bias, and shares numerous strategies to reduce bias. Filled with interesting examples, new insights, and an abundance of research, this informative and entertaining book will help us understand each other and reduce conflict. Author Biography Daniel R. Stalder is an award-winning social psychologist who is professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater. His many publications cover biases, individual differences, and cognitive dissonance theory. He has been interviewed by the Atlantic, The Verge, NPR, and other outlets. He runs the PARBs Anonymous website (“Persons at Risk of Bias”), which discusses how to use social psychology to reduce bias and conflict. He has won several teaching awards and in 2016 received the Letters & Sciences Excellence in Research Award from the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater. Review “”Stalders book is an invaluable bundle of intriguing insights, fascinating science, and practical advice on how we can all be more rational. Anyone who happens to be in possession of a human brain will benefit from reading this brilliant book immediately!” –Guy P. Harrison, author of At Least Know This: Essential Science to Enhance Your Life “We all make snap judgments and faulty assumptions. In this book, Daniel Stalder gives a fascinating and detailed take on our biases, judgments, and misconceptions. He advises us to be careful about overgeneralizing and to be open to the possibility of our own biases. He also demonstrates how reducing the fundamental attribution error can reduce anger, stress, misguided retaliation, and conflict with others. Emphasizing the power of context, Stalder argues that we can improve on the initial assumptions we make about people. This is a well-written and well-researched book.” –Larry Atkins, author of Skewed: A Critical Thinkers Guide to Media Bias, teaches journalism at Temple University and Arcadia University “Anyone who embraces opportunities to think in more discerning and unbiased ways will find that this absorbing book will stimulate their thinking about their thinking. Daniel Stalder encourages readers to reflect on and question their attitudes and their tendencies to judge themselves and others. The book shows how adopting greater precision and compassion in our cognition and interpretation of events consequently results in more productive actions and life-enhancing emotions.” –Dr. Debbie Joffe Ellis, psychologist, adjunct professor at Columbia University, and coauthor of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy with her late husband, Albert Ellis “Fascinating. . . . The book is quite timely, coming in a period of great political and social division. In its careful analysis of common human judgmental tendencies and its broad-reaching implications, this book offers a thoughtful antidote to the rampant bias and irrationality in much of todays social discourse.” –John H. Harvey, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, and author and editor of several books on attribution theory in social psychology, including the three-volume series New Directions in Attribution Research “Stalder makes a strong case for the important implications that research findings on judgmental bias have for everyday behavior, and he does so without overselling the results. For readers unfamiliar with the fundamental attribution error and related phenomena, this will be an interesting and accessible introduction; for social psychologists, the draw will be the many critical discussions of the fields classic ideas.” –Leonard S. Newman, PhD, Area Director, Social Psychology Program, Syracuse University “This book is a gem, and a unique gift to social psychology. Aside from being a first-rate scholarly analysis of the fundamental attribution error, one of the fields guiding (and not totally noncontroversial) principles for over fifty years, the book is beautifully written and superbly communicated. The author is passionately devoted to his bias of choice but also extraordinarily judicious in not going for the hard sell. One is constantly encouraged to think, to reflect, to recognize the uncertainties and exceptions to the rules at issue. Stalders seamless blend of research analyses and generalizations to everyday life is a model of its kind, displaying the authors diligence and expertise. The books chapters read as a series of elegantly crafted essays, as Stalder presents a remarkably inclusive panorama of studies and examples, frequently in the context of his own life as a brilliant and compelling teacher.” –Arthur G. Miller, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, Miami University “Stalder and his sources pin the responsibility for our opinions being out of sync with reality on Fundamental Attribute Errors, or FAE. He traces how our opinions become skewed by political, social, and economic factors that implant mainly erroneous impressions (FAE) in our minds, coloring our estimations of people and ideas. Everyone who treasures independence of thought should study this.” –Robert Graef, author of Ignorance Long Description A social psychologist focuses on a very common yet rarely discussed bias called the “fundamental attribution error,” showing how being aware of this bias can improve our day-to-day understanding of others. Social life involves making judgments about other people. Often these snap judgments turn out to be wrong when we overlook context. Social psychologists call this pervasive bias the “fundamental attribution error.” This book explores the many ways in which this error creeps into our social interactions, frequently causing misunderstanding, hurt feelings, and negative treatment of others. Psychologist Daniel R. Stalder examines common examples of this error, from road rage and misinterpreting facial expressions to “gaydar,” victim blaming, and prejudice. The common denominator in these diverse examples is that we falsely assume inherent traits or intentions while overlooking situational factors that might explain a persons behavior. Conversely in the actor-observer bias, we explain our own sometimes questionable behaviors by appealing to situational factors. For example, when you tailgate others, theres always a good reason, but when others tailgate you, they are obviously in the wrong. Stalder also reveals little-known information about classic studies of context, considers both the upsides and downsides to bias, and shares numerous strategies to reduce bias. Filled with interesting examples, new insights, and an abundance of research, this informative and entertaining book will help us understand each other and reduce conflict. Review Text “”Stalders book is an invaluable bundle of intriguing insights, fascinating science, and practical advice on how we can all be more rational. Anyone who happens to be in possession of a human brain will benefit from reading this brilliant book immediately!”–Guy P. Harrison, author of At Least Know This: Essential Science to Enhance Your Life “We all make snap judgments and faulty assumptions. In this book, Daniel Stalder gives a fascinating and detailed take on our biases, judgments, and misconceptions. He advises us to be careful about overgeneralizing and to be open to the possibility of our own biases. He also demonstrates how reducing the fundamental attribution error can reduce anger, stress, misguided retaliation, and conflict with others. Emphasizing the power of context, Stalder argues that we can improve on the initial assumptions we make about people. This is a well-written and well-researched book.” –Larry Atkins, author of Skewed: A Critical Thinkers Guide to Media Bias, teaches journalism at Temple University and Arcadia University”Anyone who embraces opportunities to think in more discerning and unbiased ways will find that this absorbing book will stimulate their thinking about their thinking. Daniel Stalder encourages readers to reflect on and question their attitudes and their tendencies to judge themselves and others. The book shows how adopting greater precision and compassion in our cognition and interpretation of events consequently results in more productive actions and life-enhancing emotions.” –Dr. Debbie Joffe Ellis, psychologist, adjunct professor at Columbia University, and coauthor of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy with her late husband, Albert Ellis”Fascinating. . . . The book is quite timely, coming in a period of great political and social division. In its careful analysis of common human judgmental tendencies and its broad-reaching implications, this book offers a thoughtful antidote to the rampant bias and irrationality in much of todays social discourse.” –John H. Harvey, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, and author and editor of several books on attribution theory in social psychology, including the three-volume series New Directions in Attribution Research”Stalder makes a strong case for the important implications that research findings on judgmental bias have for everyday behavior, and he does so without overselling the results. For readers unfamiliar with the fundamental attribution error and related phenomena, this will be an interesting and accessible introduction; for social psychologists, the draw will be the many critical discussions of the fields classic ideas.” –Leonard S. Newman, PhD, Area Director, Social Psychology Program, Syracuse University”This book is a gem, and a unique gift to social psychology. Aside from being a first-rate scholarly analysis of the fundamental attribution error, one of the fields guiding (and not totally noncontroversial) principles for over fifty years, the book is beautifully written and superbly communicated. The author is passionately devoted to his bias of choice but also extraordinarily judicious in not going for the hard sell. One is constantly encouraged to think, to reflect, to recognize the uncertainties and exceptions to the rules at issue. Stalders seamless blend of research analyses and generalizations to everyday life is a model of its kind, displaying the authors diligence and expertise. The books chapters read as a series of elegantly crafted essays, as Stalder presents a remarkably inclusive panorama of studies and examples, frequently in the context of his own life as a brilliant and compelling teacher.” –Arthur G. Miller, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, Miami University”Stalder and his sources pin the responsibility for our opinions being out of sync with reality on Fundamental Attribute Errors, or FAE. He traces how our opinions become skewed by political, social, and economic factors that implant mainly erroneous impressions (FAE) in our minds, coloring our estimations of people and ideas. Everyone who treasures independence of thought should study this.” –Robert Graef, author of Ignorance Review Quote “Stalders book is an invaluable bundle of intriguing insights, fascinating science, and practical advice on how we can all be more rational. Anyone who happens to be in possession of a human brain will benefit from reading this brilliant book immediately!” –Guy P. Harrison, author of At Least Know This: Essential Science to Enhance Your Life “We all make snap judgments and faulty assumptions. In this book, Daniel Stalder gives a fascinating and detailed take on our biases, judgments, and misconceptions. He advises us to be careful about overgeneralizing and to be open to the possibility of our own biases. He also demonstrates how reducing the fundamental attribution error can reduce anger, stress, misguided retaliation, and conflict with others. Emphasizing the power of context, Stalder argues that we can improve on the initial assumptions we make about people. This is a well-written and well-researched book.” –Larry Atkins, author of Skewed: A Critical Thinkers Guide to Media Bias , teaches journalism at Temple University and Arcadia University “Anyone who embraces opportunities to think in more discerning and unbiased ways will find that this absorbing book will stimulate their thinking about their thinking. Daniel Stalder encourages readers to reflect on and question their attitudes and their tendencies to judge themselves and others. The book shows how adopting greater precision and compassion in our cognition and interpretation of events consequently results in more productive actions and life-enhancing emotions.” –Dr. Debbie Joffe Ellis, psychologist, adjunct professor at Columbia University, and coauthor of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy with her late husband, Albert Ellis “Fascinating. . . . The book is quite timely, coming in a period of great political and social division. In its careful analysis of common human judgmental tendencies and its broad-reaching implications, this book offers a thoughtful antidote to the rampant bias and irrationality in much of todays social discourse.” –John H. Harvey, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, and author and editor of several books on attribution theory in social psychology, including the three-volume series New Directions in Attribution Research “Stalder makes a strong case for the important implications that research findings on judgmental bias have for everyday behavior, and he does so without overselling the results. For readers unfamiliar with the fundamental attribution error and related phenomena, this will be an interesting and accessible introduction; for social psychologists, the draw will be the many critical discussions of the fields classic ideas.” –Leonard S. Newman, PhD, Area Director, Social Psychology Program, Syracuse University “This book is a gem, and a unique gift to social psychology. Aside from being a first-rate scholarly analysis of the fundamental attribution error, one of the fields guiding (and not totally noncontroversial) principles for over fifty years, the book is beautifully written and superbly communicated. The author is passionately devoted to his bias of choice but also extraordinarily judicious in not going for the hard sell. One is constantly encouraged to think, to reflect, to recognize the uncertainties and exceptions to the rules at issue. Stalders seamless blend of research analyses and generalizations to everyday life is a model of its kind, displaying the authors diligence and expertise. The books chapters read as a series of elegantly crafted essays, as Stalder presents a remarkably inclusive panorama of studies and examples, frequently in the context of his own life as a brilliant and compelling teacher.” –Arthur G. Miller, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, Miami University “Stalder and his sources pin the responsibility for our opinions being out of sync with reality on Fundamental Attribute Errors , or FAE. He traces how our opinions become skewed by political, social, and economic factors that implant mainly erroneous impressions (FAE) in our minds, coloring our estimations of people and ideas. Everyone who treasures independence of thought should study this.” –Robert Graef, author of Ignorance Excerpt from Book From the Introduction In our lives with other people, we judge each other. We make social judgments. “Judging” might be considered a dirty word, but sometimes we have to do it. If someone likes you and asks you out on a date to have coffee or to see a movie, and if youre available, then you have to decide what you think of this person. You have to judge this person. You have to say yes or no or a diplomatic version of no or convey some opinion at some point. Youre not a bad person for judging. A social judgment need not be negative or certain. Maybe give this person a try–go on one date and see what happens. Its not a marriage proposal. But if someone does propose marriage to you, then you do really have to decide what you think. Certainty in judgment may be more desirable for a marriage proposal compared to a first date. If you decide to exercise a right to vote, then you have to make a judgment about those who are running for office. You can watch the news and speeches and read articles about the candidates to try to make an informed decision, or you can go with your gut. Most of us think were making an informed decision when were actually doing the gut thing. Jury members have to judge defendants. Interviewers have to judge job applicants. Teachers have to judge students. On Project Runway , celebrities have to judge designers. And so on. Of course, these judgments do not have to cover every facet of the people being judged. Jury members need not judge whether the defendant would be a fun date but rather whether the defendant had motive to commit a crime. A teacher need not judge how extroverted a student is but rather how much the student has learned in a course. Often we cant help ourselves and we judge outside the required domain. Teachers have a variety of opinions about students (and vice versa). Whatever the judgment domain, one message of this book is that we do judge each other. Sometimes we have to. The rest of the times, we just do. I am not writing this book to tell you to stop judging. Judging is part of being human, although some of us judge more often than others, and some judgments are more consequential than others. One area of social psychology that falls under social judgment is attribution theory. An attribution is an explanation for someones behavior or outcome and is part of many social judgments. Attributions are about why a behavior or outcome has occurred. This book is especially about attribution theory and the mistakes we make when we make attributions. Misunderstanding why a person acts or ends up a particular way makes it very difficult to accurately judge that person based on that action or outcome. WHY GEORGE ZIMMERMAN SHOT TRAYVON MARTIN Some social judgments are made with careful consideration and based on a lot of information. Most social judgments are made without much thought, with very little information, and very quickly–sometimes at “blink speed,” in Malcolm Gladwells terms. Under these conditions, errors are likely to occur. But most of all, most social judgments are made with undue confidence and certainty. In the high-profile story of George Zimmerman, and many race-related tragedies since then, absolute certainty abounded from all sides even within hours after the incident. In 2012, George Zimmerman, a white or Hispanic man, shot and killed Trayvon Martin, a black seventeen-year-old. Zimmerman belonged to the neighborhood watch. Martin recently started living in the neighborhood and was walking home. Why did George Zimmerman shoot Trayvon Martin? Was it self-defense? Did George Zimmerman racially profile Trayvon Martin? There was a man screaming on the 911 audiotape. Was it George Zimmerman or Trayvon Martin? The judgments made by the jury were very consequential. George Zimmerman was acquitted on all charges. Judgments were also made by friends and family of both men, bloggers, reporters, cable news anchors and their guests, and many people on Facebook and Twitter. If you recall, did the outcome of the trial make you angry at the jury or the American justice system? Did the not-guilty verdict cause a sense of relief ? Your emotional response probably depended on your judgments of Zimmerman and Martin and your attribution for the fatal shooting. What most caught my attention about non-jury judgments was how absolutely certain so many people quickly became about why the shooting occurred. There were no eyewitnesses, and interpretations of the audiotape of the screams differed among experts and others who took the stand. Zimmermans family said the screams sounded like Zimmerman. Martins family said the screams sounded like Martin. But “obviously,” for some people, Zimmerman was racially prejudiced in his lethal actions against Martin, and there was “no doubt” in some minds that Martin violently attacked Zimmerman. To think anything different would “obviously” be na Details ISBN1633884015 Author Daniel R. Stalder Publisher Prometheus Books Year 2018 ISBN-10 1633884015 ISBN-13 9781633884014 Format Hardcover Imprint Prometheus Books Country of Publication United States Place of Publication Amherst DEWEY 302 Subtitle How to Manage Our Bias and Improve Our Understanding of Others Illustrations 0 Illustrations, unspecified Short Title The Power of Context Language English Pages 320 Publication Date 2018-04-20 NZ Release Date 2018-04-20 US Release Date 2018-04-20 UK Release Date 2018-04-20 Audience General AU Release Date 2018-04-14 We’ve got this At The Nile, if you’re looking for it, we’ve got it. With fast shipping, low prices, friendly service and well over a million items – you’re bound to find what you want, at a price you’ll love! TheNile_Item_ID:137160205;
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